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Князівський Одяг та Його Декорування на Монетах та Печатках Русі

Переведённый заголовок The Dukes Clothes and It’s Decorations on Rus’ Coins and Seals
Авторы Oleksander Alf’orov, Andriy S. Boiko-Gagarin (Андрей С. Бойко-Гагарин)
опубликовано в Український нумізматичний щорічник, Volume 8 (2024)
The Ukrainian Numismatic Annual
Страницы 387-400 (14 страницы)
Скачать https://doi.org/10.31470/2616-6275-2024-8-387-400
Номер
N#
L143175
 
Rus’, Volodymyr Svyatoslavych, Svyatopolk Yaropolkovich, material culture, clothing decoration, jewelry, dukes coin emission, silver coins, silverware, style

Аннотация

In the course of researching ancient Russian coins, scholars have paid attention to the description and interpretation of certain elements of the clothing of the grand dukes on coins, but there is currently no comprehensive work in scientific historiography that would combine all the known knowledge and assumptions about princely clothing and style. The aim of the study. To collect all the known facts about the elements of the princes' clothing depicted on coins and seals, starting with data on the headdress and its decorations, then on the cloak and fibula or mantle and its decorations, and finally collecting information about the footwear of the Grand Duke. The research methodology involves the use of general scientific methods - comparison, search for analogies, analysis and synthesis, and artistic analysis. Given that the study was conducted on the basis of numismatic and sfragistic sources, the methods of iconographic research and metric measurement were used. Modern precise physical methods of measuring metal composition have not been carried out. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the first comprehensive study of the peculiarities of clothing and its decoration on the images of the great Kyivan princes in the national numismatic literature, based on numismatic and sfragistic sources. The article analyses in detail the peculiarities of depicting each element of clothing and identifies previously unidentified features of its use. In the imperial and Soviet periods, numismatic historiography paid relatively little attention to the depiction on coins and the interpretation of individual elements of the grand ducal costume. Currently, scientific historiography does not have a comprehensive work that would combine all the known knowledge and assumptions about the clothing and style of princes. The data presented on the main elements of the prince's clothing and its decoration on coins are put into a scheme that will be useful for a standardised description of coins and will help to more accurately describe the coin, highlight the features and differences of previously unknown varieties and newly discovered coins. The article highlights the peculiarities of using the following elements of clothing and decoration: prince's cap, crown, helmet, tiara, stemma; the image of a cross or its absence on the prince's cap; the presence of bead pendants on the sides of the prince's head and beads in the pendants on the prince's cap, the number of beads and the repetition of the face contour by a line, the crown with pendants; images of neck ornaments - necklaces of dots;  outerwear - characteristics of chain mail, mantle or cloak and folds of fabric on it; presence of decorations on clothes - fibres and dots on the mantle or cloak - beads, pearls or precious stones; presence of a belt; presence of shoes on the prince's feet. Conclusions. In this article, we have collected and analysed all known facts about the elements of princely clothing depicted on coins and seals, starting with the headdress and its decoration, then the cloak and fibula or mantle and the decorations on them, and ending with the image of the grand duke's shoes. Depictions of the main elements of princely clothing and its decoration on coins include the presence of a headdress: a princely cap, crown, helmet, diadem, stemma. The princely hat often has a different shape and is decorated with a cross. Many coins show pendants of beads on the sides of the prince's head and beads in pendants on the prince's cap, depicting different numbers of beads and repeating the contour of the face with a line of beads and a crown with pendants. The main element of clothing is outerwear, which in different periods was interpreted as chain mail or a cloak. The article suggests that a massive mantle was depicted to emphasise the high status of the prince in the church hierarchy of Rus. For the first time, the probability that the prince was wearing boots is analysed. Regarding the decorative elements of the prince's clothing, the author suggests for the first time that the lines that most researchers interpret as cloak folds could have been decorated with special decorative elements - gold thread ornaments. The new idea is expressed in the interpretation of the prince's outer garment, which, given the visual combination of the shoulder and sleeves, indicates that the prince is not wearing a thin tunic but a spectacular mantle (a special shoulder raise), which was intended to emphasise the high status of the prince in the church hierarchy.

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